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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Complex chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells of adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS): frequency, mechanism of origin and clinical significance.
 Rochlová, Kristina ; Zemanová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Novotná, Drahuše (referee)
Complex chromosomal aberrations occurs are described in approximately 20 % of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and are associated with a poor prognosis. Nevertheless, the mechanism and possible causes responsible for the emergence of these aberrations are not fully understood. There are two models describing the emergence of these aberrations, namely shattering of single chromosomes or their parts during the so-called cellular crisis (chromothripsis) and/or progressive accumulation of chromosomal aberrations during the course of the disease (clonal evolution). Using combination of cytogenomic methods we examined 61 samples of bone marrow from adult patients with MDS and a complex karyotype. Unbalanced aberrations with loss of genetical material were found in most cases. Chromosomes 5, 7 and 12 were most frequently involved in rearrangements. Clonal development, chromothripsis and both mechanism was detected in 26, 12 and 14 patients, respectively. Patients with deleted chromosome 5 included in complex karyotype had the shortest overall survival. The cause of emergence of complex aberrations did not affect survival. Cytogenomic analysis of complex aberrations allows detection of balanced and unbalanced changes and identification of important processes of tumorigenesis such as clonal...
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The aberration of chromosome 7 in haematological malignancies of the myeloid lineage
 Onderková, Martina ; Ransdorfová, Šárka (advisor) ; Froňková, Eva (referee)
Accurate localization of breakpoints and deleted regions on chromosome 7 in bone marrow cells of patients is an essential step in identifying genes involved in tumor transformation of a cell. In case of hematological malignancies usually oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are activated or deleted by a change in the arrangement of genetic material. Aberration of chromosome 7, total or partial loss of chromosome, especially long arms 7q, are among the recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with myeloid diseases such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Aberrations of chromosome 7 are an important prognostic marker occurring in 8-10% de novo MDS and AML and in 40-50% treated MDS / AML. For a detailed analysis of chromosome 7 breakpoints and aberrations, samples of 51 adult patients diagnosed with AML / MDS were examined using conventional and molecular cytogenomic methods. In our testing group we demonstrated a separate 7q deletion in one patient (2%) and an isolated monosomy of chromosome 7 in six patients (12%). Aberration of chromosome 7 detected in combination with another change was found in 17 cases (33%) and 27 patients (53%) had complex karyotype changes including chromosome 7. The most frequent breakpoint was 7q22. In 26 patients we proved a deletion...
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